Unfortunately, the numbers aren't that straight-forward. The cost of living is much, much higher in California. I used the CNN Cost of Living Calculator, and when I compare Durham, NC, to the 9 listed metropolitan areas of California, you're looking at a difference of roughly $26,000 - at least for someone who earns about $50,000 in Durham. That means for essentially have the same credentials and the same proportional expenses, someone from California would be paying roughly $10,000 in federal taxes, whereas a Durham resident would be paying roughly $4,300 (this is a simplistic calculation, as it's only really factoring in the standard deduction).
Let's split the difference between $76k and $50k, and say the national average for someone with the same type job, work experience, and education is $63k. That means, on average, a person is paying $7,160 on federal taxes.
Let's take the real tax dollars received for California, where you reference it being 78 cents on the dollar. If the average person in the position, from Cali, is contributing $10,000 in federal taxes, $0.78 on the dollar would be a return of $7,800. The Durham resident would need a $1.814 return on the dollar to match California. So more than likely California, in this overly simplistic example, CA would not only be way ahead of the Durham resident, but also well above the national average ($7,160)... Also, if I'm not mistaken, California is a fairly young state, something like %10 of the population is over 65, meaning they wouldn't be bringing much back from Social Security.